Dolichocolon is a disorder of the colon commonly recognized and reported among the elderly. The actual incidence of dolichocolon is unknown. There have been minimal reports in the literature among the pediatric age group of this entity. The difficulty is that there are no specific clinical features associated with it. Contrast study of the colon, such as barium enema has been utilized successfully to confirm its diagnosis. This study was conducted to increase the awareness and understanding among paediatricians of the possibility of dolichocolon as a potential cause of long-standing and intractable constipation among Filipino paediatric patients.

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This is a rare case of Epiploic appendagitis in an eleven-year-old overweight male who presented with severe left lower quadrant pain. Computed tomography (CT) scan with contrast showed pathognomonic signs of the disease (a fat-density ovoid structure adjacent to the proximal sigmoid colon with peripheral fat strandings and a hyperattenuating ring-like structure), and the patient was managed with antibiotics and analgesics. Recognition of this disease on diagnostic imaging encourages clinicians and surgeons to manage it based on imaging findings confidently.

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Background: Undernutrition is a widespread phenomenon across the Philippines, which contributes significantly to childhood morbidity and mortality. This study assessed the ef ect of community-based home-cooked meals versus improvised ready-to-use therapeutic food (RUTF) over three months on the nutritional status of undernourished children, as measured by weight gain plotted against Weight-forLength/Body Mass Index (WFL/BMI) z-scores. Method: A community-based non-blinded randomised controlled trial was conducted in twenty-one (21) children with either acute moderate or severe uncomplicated malnutrition. Undernourished children were randomised by lot to either homecooked meals or improvised RUTF, with two groups receiving both powdered cow milk and multivitamins for 20 days/month for 3 months. Monthly measurements of child weight gain with an increase in WFL/BMI z score 1 SD above their previous score. Results: Baseline characteristics were comparable between the two groups (p>0.05). There was a significant increase in weight from baseline to the 1st-, 2nd-, and 3rd-month of the intervention for both home-cooked meals (p=.001) and improvised RUTF (p=.000). When comparing the two interventions, there was no significant difference between the two groups (RR 4.55, 95% CI 0.63-32.56). Improvements in the nutritional status and behaviour of children, such as increased utensil utilisation and decreased sugar-sweetened beverage intake, were also observed through nutritional counselling. Conclusions: Both home-cooked meals and improvised RUTF provide nutritional rehabilitation for children after 3 months, with average weight gains of 2kg (improvised RUTF) and 1.8kg (home-cooked meal) and a BMI increase of 1.1 in both groups. Improvised RUTF may be given as an adjunct for additional calories. Nutritional counselling is essential for children’s nutritional values and behaviour.

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The combination of AI and multi-omics has ushered in a new, revolutionary era in disease diagnosis and precision medicine. This review aims to summarize the current status of the artificial intelligence (AI)-based multi-omics diagnostic workflows employed in three disease paradigms: infectious, neurodegenerative, and metabolic diseases, and critically evaluate their translational potential from the discovery of biomarkers to digital twin healthcare systems. Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) algorithms, as well as Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) algorithms, are explored for their application in linking genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and microbiomics datasets to enable high-dimensional molecular phenotyping. Harmonisation strategies for multi-omics data, AIdriven feature selection, molecular pathway elucidation using graph neural networks (GNNs) and transformer architectures, and the development of digital twin models for personalised, dynamic health simulation are among the key themes. We delve deeper into the regulatory, ethical, and equity issues arising from the deployment of AI-omics systems across heterogeneous clinical settings. The review ends with a strategy for integrating validated AI-omics pipelines into the next-generation precision therapeutics and global health infrastructure.

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Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS), a combination of embedded computing, communication networks, and physical processes, are increasingly reshaping clinical practice, pharmaceutical supply chains, and hospital infrastructure. This review covers key principles of Medical CPS design; major interoperability frameworks such as FHIR (Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources), IEEE 11073, and DICOM; and critical cybersecurity risks that threaten patient safety and data integrity, including ransomware, man-in-the-middle, denial-ofservice, and data injection attacks. A review of the literature from 2020 to the present (2025) shows that architectural fragmentation has continued, that there is a lack of harmonised security-bydesign standards, and that there is a lack of regulatory guidance on real-time MCPS deployments. Some promising mitigation strategies, such as blockchain-based trust frameworks, AIpowered intrusion detection, and digital twin validation, are introduced. The paper’s conclusion recommends a research agenda for interoperability protocols, context-aware security models, and international regulatory convergence as essential factors for implementing safe and scalable MCPS

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