Volume-5 Issue-6, September 2025 – International Journal of Preventive Medicine and Health (IJPMH)

F112305060925

IJPMH Journal — Fri, 19 Sep 2025 10:29:39 +0000

The International Journal of Preventive Medicine and Health (IJPMH) has ISSN 2582-7588 (online), open-access, peer-reviewed, periodical bi-monthly international journal, which is published by Lattice Science Publication (LSP) in March, May, July, September, November and January. The journal aims to publish high-quality peer–reviewed original articles in the area of Preventive Medicine and Health that covers such as the Nipah Virus, COVID-19(Corona Virus), Henipa Viruses, Antibiotic Resistance, Breastfeeding, Behavioural Health, Clinical Trials, Community Engagement, Community Health, Child/Adolescent Health, Chronic Diseases, Disease Transmission, Health Informatics, Health Care Management, Health Care Quality, Efficiency, Human Nutrition, Immunization, Maternal & Child Health, Primary Healthcare, Public Health, Reproductive Health, Vaccination, Clinical and Epidemiological Diagnosis and Management, Health care, Epidemiology, Biostatistics, Public Health Administration, Health Care Delivery, National Health Problems, Medical Anthropology, Social Medicine. #Nipah Virus #COVID-19(Corona Virus) #Henipa Viruses #Antibiotic Resistance #Breastfeeding #Behavioural Health #Clinical Trials #Community Engagement #Community Health #Child/Adolescent Health #Chronic Diseases #Disease Transmission #Health Informatics #Health Care Management #Health Care Quality, Efficiency #Human Nutrition #Immunization #Maternal & Child Health #Primary Healthcare #Public Health #Reproductive Health #Vaccination #Clinical and Epidemiological Diagnosis and Management #Health Care #Epidemiology #Biostatistics #Public Health Administration #Health Care Delivery #National Health Problems #Medical Anthropology #Social Medicine #PhD #Academic #Scopus #SCI #LatticeScience #Springer, #ScienceDirect #IEEE #Mendeley #Research #Scholarship #UGC #SSRN #LatticeScience #ESCI #Science #Journal #Conference #SSRN #PubLons

Dystrophin and Beyond: A Review of Genetic Landscape of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
Anoushka Dhawan¹, Sulagna Dutta²

¹Anoushka Dhawan, High School, Livingston High School, New Jersey, United States of America.

²Sulagna Dutta, Department of Biotechnology, Syngene International, Bangalore, Bengaluru (Karnataka) India.

Abstract: Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a very severe, progressive, and lethal disease of skeletal muscle degeneration, respiratory complications, and cardiomyopathy. The identification of the dystrophin gene requires an understanding of the muscle protein and its working mechanism. The learnings from decades of research in life sciences could establish the functionalities of dystrophin in striated muscle. Here, we discuss the pathophysiological basis and the recent advancement of DMD towards the therapeutic approaches that are currently close to or are under ongoing clinical trials in humans. We attempted to summarise the current understanding of DMD – the dystrophin glycoprotein complex and chronic inflammation. Understanding the complex pathophysiology of DMD is crucial for the development of effective treatment and adds hope to the ongoing experimental research.

Keywords: AAV, Dystrophin, Duchenne Muscular dystrophy, Review.
Scope of the Article: Primary Healthcare

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F111705060925

IJPMH Journal — Fri, 19 Sep 2025 10:17:44 +0000

Acquisition of Education Prepares Individuals to Face Life Challenges
Radhika Kapur

Dr. Radhika Kapur, Pedagogy and Organizational Culture in Nursery Schools, Delhi University, New Delhi, India.

Abstract: The primary objective of this research paper is to understand how the acquisition of education imparts knowledge to individuals, encompassing not only academic subjects and lesson plans, but also the skills necessary for becoming moral and ethical human beings and productive citizens of the country. Within and outside the home, individuals face various life challenges; therefore, they need to enhance their knowledge and understanding of different methodologies and procedures that facilitate coping with challenging situations. Through acquiring education, one can improve one’s knowledge of factors that promote effective coping with various challenging conditions. Furthermore, these need to be prevented from creating impediments within the course of implementing multiple job duties and responsibilities. Additionally, certain traits, including morality, ethics, diligence, and conscientiousness, require reinforcement. Furthermore, it is essential to establish cordial and amiable relationships with family and community members. Within educational institutions of all levels, one can achieve various educational goals when mutual understanding is developed with educators, classmates, and other staff members. Therefore, it is understood on a comprehensive basis that acquiring education prepares individuals to face life’s challenges. The primary concepts examined in this research paper are understanding the significance of life challenges, measures to be implemented in preparing individuals to face them, and the benefits of overcoming life challenges.

Keywords: Abilities, Education, Individuals, Information, Life Challenges, Living Conditions, Preparing, Up-gradation.
Scope of the Article: Public Health

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E111305050725

IJPMH Journal — Fri, 19 Sep 2025 10:04:41 +0000

Genetic Predisposition and Pathogenesis in Endometriosis
Amani Rustemagić¹, Aida Ombašić²

¹Amani Rustemagić, Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, University International Burch University, Sarajevo, Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

²Aida Ombašić, Sarajevo Medical School, University Sarajevo School of Science and Technology, Sarajevo, Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Abstract: Endometriosis is a chronic, estrogen-dependent inflammatory disorder defined by the growth of endometrial-like tissue outside the uterus, leading to pain, infertility, and reduced quality of life. Although retrograde menstruation remains the prevailing theory of pathogenesis, it does not fully explain why only some individuals develop the condition. Accumulating evidence highlights a substantial genetic component, with heritability estimates suggesting that approximately 51% of the risk of endometriosis is genetically driven. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified more than a dozen risk loci, including WNT4, GREB1, FN1, CDKN2B-AS1, and ESR1, which are involved in reproductive tract development, hormone signalling, immune modulation, and cell adhesion. This review synthesizes findings from genetic, epigenetic, and molecular studies to provide an updated understanding of the pathophysiology of endometriosis. In addition to inherited variants, recent discoveries have included epigenetic alterations, such as DNA methylation and microRNA regulation, which influence gene expression in key pathways related to cell proliferation and differentiation. Moreover, somatic mutations found in eutopic endometrial cells and chromosomal instability within lesions suggest a neoplastic-like progression, especially in advanced stages of the disease. Newly validated GWAS loci and polymorphisms in vascular remodelling and oxidative stressrelated genes (e.g., VEGF, MMPs, NAT2) further underscore the multifactorial nature of endometriosis. The purpose of this review is to investigate how genetic predisposition, somatic alterations, and epigenetic mechanisms interact to contribute to lesion development, persistence, and symptom severity. By examining these interconnected pathways, we highlight the current limitations in diagnosis and treatment, and emphasize the urgent need for personalized approaches in clinical care. These insights pave the way for future research to identify biomarkers for earlier diagnosis and to develop individualized therapeutic strategies. A more comprehensive understanding of endometriosis at the molecular level is crucial for advancing precision medicine and enhancing outcomes for women affected worldwide.

Keywords: Endometriosis, Genetic Predisposition, Aetiology, Risk Loci.
Scope of the Article: Reproductive Health

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E110805050725

IJPMH Journal — Fri, 19 Sep 2025 09:50:40 +0000

Health Impacts of PM2.5 Exposure on Older Adults (55+) in Bangkok: An Epidemiological Study
Nachanan Jansomboon¹, Arisara Klongkan², Lilli Prateep³, Sascha Prateep⁴, Pattarapon. Pattarmakarnon⁵, Patraporn Ekvitayavetchanukul⁶

¹Nachanan Jansomboon, Triam Udom Suksa Pattanakarn School, Pakkred, Nonthaburi, Thailand.

²Arisara Klongkan, Bodindecha (Sing Singhaseni) 4 School, Pakkred, Nonthaburi, ZIP, Postal Code (Optional), Thailand.

³Lilli Prateep, Sarasas Ektra School, Pakkred, Nonthaburi, Thailand.

⁴Sascha Prateep, Sarasas Ektra School, Pakkred, Nonthaburi, Thailand.

⁵Pattarapon. Pattarmakarnon, Suankularb wittayalai School, Pakkred, Nonthaburi, Thailand.

⁶Dr. Patraporn Ekvitayavetchanukul, Patnada-Wellness, Pakkred, Nonthaburi, Thailand.

Abstract: Background: Air pollution, excellent particulate matter (PM2.5), is a primary environmental and public health concern, with older adults being among the most vulnerable populations due to age-related declines in respiratory and cardiovascular health. Bangkok, a densely populated and traffic-congested city, frequently experiences hazardous PM2.5 levels, raising concerns about its impact on the health of older individuals. Objective: This study examines the correlation between PM2.5 exposure and the prevalence of respiratory and cardiovascular symptoms among older adults (aged 55 and above) in Bangkok. Additionally, it evaluates the effectiveness of protective masks in reducing symptom severity and investigates the role of outdoor exposure in exacerbating pollution-related health conditions. Methods: A two-month observational study (January–February 2025) was conducted among 120 participants aged 55 and above, using real-time PM2.5 data from the GISTDA monitoring system. Health records and self-reported symptom surveys were analyzed across six PM2.5 exposure categories (0–50 µg/m³, 51–75 µg/m³, 76–100 µg/m³, 101–125 µg/m³, 126–150 µg/m³, and >151 µg/m³). Participants were further categorized based on mask usage and outdoor exposure levels to assess protective and risk factors. Statistical analyses included correlation tests and comparative symptom trends. Results: The findings revealed a significant positive correlation between PM2.5 levels and the prevalence of respiratory and cardiovascular symptoms (r > 0.85, p < 0.01). The most frequently reported symptoms were shortness of breath (in 85 cases at PM2.5 levels above 151 µg/m³), persistent cough (in 72 cases), chest tightness (in 65 cases), wheezing (in 48 cases), and eye irritation (in 40 cases). Cardiovascular complications, including elevated blood pressure (50 cases) and heart palpitations (38 cases), were also reported at high pollution levels. Mask usage reduced symptom prevalence by 25–35% across all PM2.5 levels, while participants with high outdoor exposure exhibited nearly double the symptom rate compared to those with limited outdoor activities. Conclusion: PM2.5 exposure is strongly associated with increased respiratory and cardiovascular symptoms in older adults, with outdoor exposure significantly exacerbating health risks and mask usage providing partial protection. The findings underscore the urgent need for targeted public health interventions, including enhanced indoor air quality management, the distribution of protective masks, and advisories to limit outdoor activities during high-pollution periods. Strengthening these measures is crucial to mitigating the adverse health effects of air pollution on the elderly population.

Keywords: PM2.5, Air Pollution, Respiratory Health, Cardiovascular Health, Older Adults, Public Health Policy.
Scope of the Article: Public Health

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E110605050725

IJPMH Journal — Fri, 19 Sep 2025 09:32:44 +0000

Comprehensive Review of Stress and its Consequences
Ritusmita Basu¹, Sakib Alam Halder²

¹Ritusmita Basu, Assistant Professor, Department of Allied Health, Institute of Leadership, Entrepreneurship and Development (ILED), Kolkata (West Bengal), India.

²Sakib Alam Halder, Assistant Professor, Department of Allied Health, Institute of Leadership, Entrepreneurship and Development (ILED), Kolkata (West Bengal), India.

Abstract: Stress is a part of everyone’s life, which can notoriously affect physical and mental health at the workplace. It may have both beneficial and harmful effects at different times. The analysis of various methods for managing stress in medical facilities will be the primary focus of this research. Regardless of upbringing, major, family circumstances, or education, being able to manage stress successfully is arguably the most crucial ability for maximising experience and achieving our best work. According to numerous studies of college learners, including those by the American College Health Association (2009), the Chronicle of Higher Education (2008), and The Associated Press (2009), 85% of them report that stress is a significant issue and the primary barrier to success. The stress levels and general wellbeing of health services workers are considerably reduced by managerial measures such as regulating workloads, cooperative management, and fostering a positive work atmosphere. These therapies recognise the importance of the work environment and policy, and emphasise the significance of holistic methods in stress management. The origins, consequences, and symptoms of stress are highlighted in this article, which may help individuals learn alternative, beneficial ways to manage stress.

Keywords: Depression, Neurotransmitter imbalance, Mental Health, Anxiety
Scope of the Article: Maternal Health

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D108205040525

IJPMH Journal — Fri, 19 Sep 2025 09:22:48 +0000

MediSwift – An Integrated Healthcare Solution
Ankur Sharma¹, Vedanti Awate², Varnika Bhoga³, Debarathi Goshal⁴

¹Ankur Sharma, Department of Information Technology, Vidyalankar Institute of Technology, Mumbai (Maharashtra), India.

²Vedanti Awate, Department of Information Technology, Vidyalankar Institute of Technology, Mumbai (Maharashtra), India.

³Varnika Bhoga, Department of Information Technology, Vidyalankar Institute of Technology, Mumbai (Maharashtra), India.

⁴Debarathi Goshal, Department of Information Technology, Vidyalankar Institute of Technology, Mumbai (Maharashtra), India.

Abstract: The challenge of healthcare management efficiency stands out prominently, especially in areas with inadequate medical service. Typically, paper-based methods, when combined with independent digital solutions, introduce inefficiencies into patient care systems, as well as scheduling processes and resource allocation. The start of MediSwift provides a healthcare information system tackling Mumbai’s underdeveloped and rural districts. The MERN stack development, which combines MongoDB, Express, React, and Node.js, enables users to access all healthcare features from a single platform. To protect patient information while allowing selected team members to access the system, MediSwift’s security architecture utilises bcrypt encryption of passwords. A regex-based report summarisation component serves as part of the system to analyse long, complex medical reports using predefined medical terms, producing simplified summaries that enhance patient comprehension without requiring API connections. The system prioritises the most critical tasks, reduces personnel workload, and provides instant expert feedback to support informed decision-making and optimal resource allocation. The embedded strong security measures and efficient healthcare management processes help MediSwift support easy healthcare management, resulting in better patient care quality. The system design allows for growth and provides an effective solution to enhance urban health facilities.

Keywords: Healthcare Management, MERN Stack, Patient Management, Data Security, Regex Report Summarization, Urban Healthcare, Healthcare Chatbot, Report Analysis.
Scope of the Article: Primary Healthcare

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Volume-5 Issue-6, September 2025 – International Journal of Preventive Medicine and Health (IJPMH)

F112305060925

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