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# International Journal of Preventive Medicine and Health (IJPMH): International Journal of Preventive Medicine and Health (IJPMH) aim to publish high-quality, peer-reviewed articles in Medicine and Health.

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## Downloads
- [Volume-6 Issue-5, July 2026](https://www.ijpmh.latticescipub.com/download/volume-6-issue-5/): Editor-In-Chief
- [Volume-6 Issue-4, May 2026](https://www.ijpmh.latticescipub.com/download/volume-6-issue-4/): Editor-In-Chief
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- [Volume-3 Issue-6, September 2023](https://www.ijpmh.latticescipub.com/download/volume-3-issue-6/): Editor-In-Chief
- [Volume-3 Issue-5, July 2023](https://www.ijpmh.latticescipub.com/download/volume-3-issue-5/): Editor-In-Chief
- [Volume-3 Issue-4, May 2023](https://www.ijpmh.latticescipub.com/download/volume-3-issue-4/): Editor-In-Chief
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- [Volume-2 Issue-5, July 2022](https://www.ijpmh.latticescipub.com/download/volume-2-issue-5/): Editor-In-Chief
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- [Volume-1 Issue-5, November 2021](https://www.ijpmh.latticescipub.com/download/volume-1-issue-5/): Editor-In-Chief
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- [Volume-1 Issue-3, July 2021](https://www.ijpmh.latticescipub.com/download/volume-1-issue-3/): Editor-In-Chief
- [Volume-1 Issue-2, May 2021](https://www.ijpmh.latticescipub.com/download/volume-1-issue-2/): Editor-In-Chief
- [Volume-1 Issue-1, November 2020](https://www.ijpmh.latticescipub.com/download/volume-1-issue-1/): Editor-In-Chief

## Portfolio Items
- [E116806050726](https://www.ijpmh.latticescipub.com/portfolio-item/e116806050726/): Dolichocolon is a disorder of the colon commonly recognized and reported among the elderly. The actual incidence of dolichocolon is unknown. There have been minimal reports in the literature among the pediatric age group of this entity. The difficulty is that there are no specific clinical features associated with it. Contrast study of the colon, such as barium enema has been utilized successfully to confirm its diagnosis. This study was conducted to increase the awareness and understanding among paediatricians of the possibility of dolichocolon as a potential cause of long-standing and intractable constipation among Filipino paediatric patients.
- [E116706050726](https://www.ijpmh.latticescipub.com/portfolio-item/e116706050726/): This is a rare case of Epiploic appendagitis in an eleven-year-old overweight male who presented with severe left lower quadrant pain. Computed tomography (CT) scan with contrast showed pathognomonic signs of the disease (a fat-density ovoid structure adjacent to the proximal sigmoid colon with peripheral fat strandings and a hyperattenuating ring-like structure), and the patient was managed with antibiotics and analgesics. Recognition of this disease on diagnostic imaging encourages clinicians and surgeons to manage it based on imaging findings confidently.
- [E116606050726](https://www.ijpmh.latticescipub.com/portfolio-item/e116606050726/): Background: Undernutrition is a widespread phenomenon across the Philippines, which contributes significantly to childhood morbidity and mortality. This study assessed the ef ect of community-based home-cooked meals versus improvised ready-to-use therapeutic food (RUTF) over three months on the nutritional status of undernourished children, as measured by weight gain plotted against Weight-forLength/Body Mass Index (WFL/BMI) z-scores. Method: A community-based non-blinded randomised controlled trial was conducted in twenty-one (21) children with either acute moderate or severe uncomplicated malnutrition. Undernourished children were randomised by lot to either homecooked meals or improvised RUTF, with two groups receiving both powdered cow milk and multivitamins for 20 days/month for 3 months. Monthly measurements of child weight gain with an increase in WFL/BMI z score 1 SD above their previous score. Results: Baseline characteristics were comparable between the two groups (p>0.05). There was a significant increase in weight from baseline to the 1st-, 2nd-, and 3rd-month of the intervention for both home-cooked meals (p=.001) and improvised RUTF (p=.000). When comparing the two interventions, there was no significant difference between the two groups (RR 4.55, 95% CI 0.63-32.56). Improvements in the nutritional status and behaviour of children, such as increased utensil utilisation and decreased sugar-sweetened beverage intake, were also observed through nutritional counselling. Conclusions: Both home-cooked meals and improvised RUTF provide nutritional rehabilitation for children after 3 months, with average weight gains of 2kg (improvised RUTF) and 1.8kg (home-cooked meal) and a BMI increase of 1.1 in both groups. Improvised RUTF may be given as an adjunct for additional calories. Nutritional counselling is essential for children’s nutritional values and behaviour.
- [E116206050726](https://www.ijpmh.latticescipub.com/portfolio-item/e116206050726/): The combination of AI and multi-omics has ushered in a new, revolutionary era in disease diagnosis and precision medicine. This review aims to summarize the current status of the artificial intelligence (AI)-based multi-omics diagnostic workflows employed in three disease paradigms: infectious, neurodegenerative, and metabolic diseases, and critically evaluate their translational potential from the discovery of biomarkers to digital twin healthcare systems. Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) algorithms, as well as Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) algorithms, are explored for their application in linking genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and microbiomics datasets to enable high-dimensional molecular phenotyping. Harmonisation strategies for multi-omics data, AIdriven feature selection, molecular pathway elucidation using graph neural networks (GNNs) and transformer architectures, and the development of digital twin models for personalised, dynamic health simulation are among the key themes. We delve deeper into the regulatory, ethical, and equity issues arising from the deployment of AI-omics systems across heterogeneous clinical settings. The review ends with a strategy for integrating validated AI-omics pipelines into the next-generation precision therapeutics and global health infrastructure.
- [E116106050726](https://www.ijpmh.latticescipub.com/portfolio-item/e116106050726/): Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS), a combination of embedded computing, communication networks, and physical processes, are increasingly reshaping clinical practice, pharmaceutical supply chains, and hospital infrastructure. This review covers key principles of Medical CPS design; major interoperability frameworks such as FHIR (Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources), IEEE 11073, and DICOM; and critical cybersecurity risks that threaten patient safety and data integrity, including ransomware, man-in-the-middle, denial-ofservice, and data injection attacks. A review of the literature from 2020 to the present (2025) shows that architectural fragmentation has continued, that there is a lack of harmonised security-bydesign standards, and that there is a lack of regulatory guidance on real-time MCPS deployments. Some promising mitigation strategies, such as blockchain-based trust frameworks, AIpowered intrusion detection, and digital twin validation, are introduced. The paper’s conclusion recommends a research agenda for interoperability protocols, context-aware security models, and international regulatory convergence as essential factors for implementing safe and scalable MCPS
- [D115406040526](https://www.ijpmh.latticescipub.com/portfolio-item/d115406040526/): The consumption of carbohydrates significantly influences long-term health outcomes, emphasizing the importance of quality over quantity. The Glycemic Index serves as a useful metric by assessing the rate at which foods elevate blood glucose levels, with pure glucose designated as the baseline score of 100. Reliance on high-GI foods, scoring 70 or above, substantially increases the risk of metabolic conditions such as cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Conversely, incorporating whole, unprocessed foods such as fresh produce and grains introduces natural fibre that moderates the metabolic process. This fibre effectively prevents rapid sugar combustion, thus avoiding energy surges and subsequent drops. By adopting such dietary choices, individuals provide their bodies with more consistent and dependable fuel, supporting sustained energy levels throughout the day. This approach mitigates rapid sugar metabolism, thereby reducing the likelihood of mid-afternoon energy declines and fatigue. Focusing on nutrient-dense foods not only satisfies satiation but also supplies the necessary stable fuel to maintain overall balance and health over time.
- [C114606030326](https://www.ijpmh.latticescipub.com/portfolio-item/c114606030326/): Background: Mosquito-borne diseases (MBDs) pose a significant public health risk in Liberia. While malaria remains endemic, emerging arboviruses offer an increasing danger. This study examined community-level knowledge, attitudes, practices (KAP), and perceptions of environmental risk regarding MBD in Montserrado County, Liberia. Method: A community-based crosssectional survey of 384 adults from seven distinct socioeconomic categories was conducted in Montserrado County. Data were collected using a validated and pretested questionnaire and analysed in R (version 4.3.0). The independent predictors of health-promoting activities were identified using descriptive statistics, Pearson’s chi-square tests, one-way ANOVA for group comparisons, and multivariable logistic regression. Results: The data found that malaria awareness was high (98.2%), but dengue (24.7%) and chikungunya (12.0%) had significant knowledge gaps. The mean knowledge score was 12.66 ± 3.12 (maximum 20), whereas the mean practice score was 6.53 ± 1.60. Higher education levels were significantly associated with higher knowledge scores (F = 168.93, p < 0.001) but not with yellow fever vaccination status (χ² = 4.57, p = 0.335). There was a substantial positive correlation between knowledge and practice scores. Despite high awareness of environmental risks (36.05 ± 5.56), implementing consistent preventive measures was challenging due to structural constraints. Conclusion: The findings indicate a significant “knowledge-practice gap,” with a special focus on non-malarial arboviruses. Malaria-centric paradigms should be replaced with Integrated Vector Management (IVM). Policymakers in West Africa must address the structural and environmental risk factors of MBD to enable long-term community-based prevention.
- [C114506030326](https://www.ijpmh.latticescipub.com/portfolio-item/c114506030326/): Background: Diarrhoeal infections remain a serious public health problem in West Africa’s urban slums, where Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) practices play an important role in disease transmission. This study investigates the sociodemographic factors that determine WASH practices and their impact on diarrhoeal disease in West Point, Liberia’s largest slum neighbourhood. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in West Point, Montserrado County, Liberia, between December 2024 and January 2025. Using systematic random selection, 250 households were selected from five geographic zones. WASH practices, socio-demographic variables, and the frequency of diarrhoeal disease were collected using standardised questionnaires based on WHO/UNICEF JMP standards. Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics, chisquare tests, odds ratio calculations, and multivariate logistic regression. Results: According to the survey, 27.2% of households had diarrhoea in the last three months, much higher than the national average of 22%. Households with no formal education had a 2.84-fold increased incidence of diarrhoea (AOR = 2.84). Access to improved water was 52.0%, sanitation was 25.6%, and hygiene was 11.2%, with just 1.6% of families having access to all three components. There were significant regional inequalities, with the South Zone and Coastal Zone having the highest diarrhoea rates. Inadequate formal education, low water availability, and open defecation behaviours all significantly predicted diarrhoea, according to a logistic regression analysis. Conclusions: West Point’s WASH practices are poor and are significantly associated with diarrhoea. Insufficient combined WASH access and high loads in certain areas underscore the need for tailored interventions. The findings suggest comprehensive strategies that prioritise improvements in water quality, sanitation infrastructure, and hygiene education, particularly in highburden areas and among people with low educational backgrounds.
- [A112906011125](https://www.ijpmh.latticescipub.com/portfolio-item/a112906011125/): Objectives: The deep learning model’s capacity to recognise brain cancers in MRI images. The model is intended to automatically analyse MRI scans and determine whether a tumour is present, producing reliable, accurate classification results. Methods: A previously trained CNN was used to classify MRI images. The MRI image in the dataset was first reduced and normalised during preprocessing to ensure accurate input to the model. After processing, the model produced a probability value indicating the likelihood that the image contained a tumour. Findings: The available MRI cases were correctly classified as tumours, and no non-tumour cases were identified. The prediction’s tumour probability of 99.74% indicates how confident the model was in its classification result. Novelty: This work demonstrates a CNN-based approach to identifying brain tumours from MRI data. Even with a small input sample, the system generated accurate and reliable predictions. The proposed method demonstrates how deep learning models could aid in cancer detection and potentially serve as a useful adjunct to clinical decision-making.
- [D114906040526](https://www.ijpmh.latticescipub.com/portfolio-item/d114906040526/): The individuals, belonging to all age groups, genders, occupations, communities, and socio-economic backgrounds, are required to pay attention to health and well-being. This needs to be from physical and psychological perspectives. Throughout individuals’ lives, they need to augment their knowledge of factors that promote good health and well-being. All types of factors should be implemented appropriately to generate the desired outcomes. Family members carry out this task during childhood, whereas during adulthood, individuals need to focus on it themselves. As a consequence of promoting good health and well-being from physical and psychological perspectives, individuals will contribute to the upgradation of various skills and abilities. Furthermore, they will perform well in a wide range of job duties and responsibilities in personal life, in educational programs at institutions of all levels, and across a wide range of employment settings. In addition, they will contribute to the upgradation of overall personality traits and standards of living. Hence, individuals need to put in their best efforts to carry out this task in an adequate and well-organised manner. Therefore, it is well-understood that health and well-being are indispensable to the lives of all individuals. The main concepts addressed in this research paper are: understanding the meaning and significance of promoting health and well-being, measures to implement to achieve this, and the advantages of promoting health and wellbeing.
- [C114406030326](https://www.ijpmh.latticescipub.com/portfolio-item/c114406030326/): Background: Although HIV and Hepatitis B virus (HBV) have similar transmission patterns in West Africa, little is known abouthowthe population perceives HIV/HBV co-infection. This study examines people’s attitudes, knowledge, and healthseeking habits in three Liberian communities about HIV/HBV coinfection. Methods: From December 2025 to January 2026, we conducted a community-based survey in Todee, St. PaulRiver, and Greater Monrovia. A standardized questionnaire, guided by the Health Belief Model and the Theory of Planned Behavior, was given to 40 individuals who were purposefully chosen. The analysis used descriptive statistics, chi-square testing, and logistic regression. Results: Only 65.0% of participants knew about Hepatitis B, and only 35.0% identified HIV/HBV co-infection, despite 95.0% being aware of HIV/AIDS. Educational level strongly influenced testing behaviours and knowledge outcomes (β = 0.42, p < 0.01). The major obstacle to healthcare access was reported as cost (40.0%), followed by fear ofstigma (22.5%). Trust in healthcare practitioners was modest (mean 2.60/5), while felt stigma was high (3.52/5). The logistic model showed that HIV testing was substantially predicted by education (OR=1.8, 95% CI: 1.2-2.7) and healthcare trust (OR=1.5, 95% CI: 1.1-2.1). Conclusions: The Liberian population hassignificant information deficits about HIV/HBV co-infection. The findings highlight the need to remove financial barriers, eliminate stigma, train healthcare workers, and provide comprehensive health information. The cultural context of Liberia’s post-conflict situation should inform these efforts.
- [C114306030326](https://www.ijpmh.latticescipub.com/portfolio-item/c114306030326/): Objectives: Using machine-learning approaches, the researchers aimed to identify and prioritise drivers of incomplete measles vaccination among children aged 12-23 months in Grand Bassa County, Liberia. Design: Cross-sectional research conducted in a community setting. Setting: Five randomly chosen districts in Grand Bassa County, Liberia, containing both urban and rural communities. Participants: 374 caregivers of infants aged 12-23 months, recruited using multistage sampling between October 2024 and February 2025. The response rate was 87.0%. Primary and secondary outcome measures: The primary outcome was MCV2 completion. MCV1 coverage and dropout rates were considered secondary outcomes. The important determinants were found using ensemble machine learning (Random Forest, XGBoost, and LightGBM) with weighted voting. Results: MCV1 coverage was 62.8% (95% CI: 59.8 to 65.8), and MCV2 coverage was 43.6% (95% CI: 40.6 to 46.6), resulting in a 30.6% dropout rate. The ensemble model attained an accuracy of 60.0% (AUC = 0.585, 95% CI: 0.545 to 0.625). The greatest predictors discovered by feature importance analysis were caregiver education (importance=0.156), distance to health facility (importance=0.142), trust in health workers (importance=0.138), and measles knowledge (importance=0.131). Conclusions: Caregiver education, geographic access, provider trust, and knowledge all substantially impact measles vaccination completion. Targeted interventions that address these characteristics might significantly increase vaccination coverage in Liberia and other low-resource countries.
- [C114206030326](https://www.ijpmh.latticescipub.com/portfolio-item/c114206030326/): Mind Care AI is an AI-driven conversational agent designed to bridge the gap between unmet demand for mental health services and limited therapeutic resources. The platform combines advanced natural language processing (NLP), finetuned transformer models (Llama 3.2), cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) modules, and a reinforcement-learning personalisation layer to deliver real-time, evidence-based mental health support. In a four-week pilot study with 100 participants, the emotion detection module achieved an accuracy of 88% and an F-score of 0.88. At the same time, user engagement metrics showed high repeat-usage rates and positive satisfaction scores. MindCare AI operates 24/7, addresses stigma through a discreet self-care coach interface, and follows a blended model of care that escalates users to professional counsellors when necessary. Privacy is ensured through AES-256 encryption and compliance with GDPR and HIPAA. Future work includes multimodal input, multilingual support, wearable integration, and deeper integration with clinical workflows. These results validate MindCare AI as a promising, scalable solution for democratising access to mental health support.
- [A113206011125](https://www.ijpmh.latticescipub.com/portfolio-item/a113206011125/): Coronary artery disease (CAD) continues at the forefront of mortality sources across the globe. Its early detection using heart sound signals seems promising for integration into Wearable Body Area Networks (WBANs). On the other hand, WBAN-based CAD detection systems face challenges such as noise, motion artefacts, and poor signal quality, which in turn reduce diagnostic performance. Literature surveys indicate that most current models struggle due to insufficient feature extraction, fragile classification, and poor generalisation, leading to the outlined dilemma. We propose a robust classification algorithm that combines MFCC feature extraction with Random Forests to achieve high detection accuracy, addressing these problems and filling the research gap. For our research, we used the Heartbeat Sounds datasets from Kaggle, which encompass recordings from both clinical and non-clinical environments (Sets A and B). We derived 13 MFCC features per recording and employed an 80-20 stratified train-test split to balance the evaluation. The Random Forest classifier, powered by 100 decision trees, has achieved astonishing effectiveness, with 95% overall accuracy, 0.97 F1 Score for healthy cases, and 0.86 F1 Score for pathological cases. Our results exceed those of five recent baseline papers by a wide margin in precision, recall, and overall classification accuracy. Thus, they support the validity of the method we proposed for CAD detection using real heart sound data.
- [E109305050725](https://www.ijpmh.latticescipub.com/portfolio-item/e109305050725/): Medx-Vision is an AI-powered mobile application that simplifies chest disease detection by analyzing X-ray images and providing easy-to-understand diagnostic results. Using a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) trained on the NIH Chest X-ray dataset, the system identifies conditions like pneumonia and cardiomegaly with high accuracy. The backend, built with Flask, preprocesses images and returns predictions with confidence scores, which are formatted into laymanfriendly messages. The Android app, developed using Jetpack Compose, enables users to upload or capture images and view results through a clean, intuitive interface. Designed for accessibility, Medx-Vision bridges the gap between complex medical AI and everyday users, making early diagnosis more available in underserved areas.
- [B114006020126](https://www.ijpmh.latticescipub.com/portfolio-item/b114006020126/): According to research, a medicinal plant has been a key component of the healthcare system and a readily available source of therapy worldwide. Purposive sampling was used to choose 24 critical respondents and 96 informed respondents from a range of age groups. The majority of respondents (58.33%) reported using medicinal plants regularly. Many human and animal ailments have been treated with medicinal plants, particularly in places where access to contemporary public healthcare is limited. Fifty-five plant species from 32 families were examined; of these, 52.74% were used to treat human health, 10.90% were used to treat livestock health, and 36.36% were used to treat both human and livestock health issues. The most dominant families were Solanaceae (6), followed by Fabaceae. Home gardens are the primary method for cultivating medicinal plants, accounting for 49.10%, while roadsides represent the least common cultivation method. Leaf (36.26%) was the most commonly used plant part in the preparation of drugs, followed by root (17.58%). Threatened medicinal plants and related knowledge were most commonly caused by urbanization, agricultural growth, lack of community awareness, firewood production, construction, modern health expansion, drought, and overgrazing. However, there isn't a comprehensive, systematic study on the use of medicinal plants for remedies and other economically significant purposes in the field of current research. We stressed that for the sustainable use and conservation of medicinal plants, both in situ and ex situ conservation and growing methods should be sufficiently considered.
- [B113506020126](https://www.ijpmh.latticescipub.com/portfolio-item/b113506020126/): The fast introduction of big data analytics to healthcare is transforming medical research and clinical practices, especially in the area of women's health. Women in urban and rural areas have unique health needs due to differences in lifestyle, environment, socioeconomic status, and access to health care. The paper aims to discuss pathological samples from women across various environments to determine the differences and commonalities in their health status. Combining electronic health record (EHR) data, imaging data, genomic data, wearable data, and socio-economic data, we will discover patterns that modulate disease risk, disease progression, and drug response. Lifestyle diseases and cancers are common in urban regions as a result of stress and exposure to the environment, and rural women face the challenges of limited access to healthcare, late diagnosis, and poor health literacy. Early disease detection, improved diagnostics, and tailored treatment are among the prospects of applying machine learning and predictive models to large datasets. Nevertheless, some tasks, such as data privacy, inadequate infrastructure in rural areas, and ethics, are essential. This paper demonstrates the potential of big data analytics to close healthcare disparities, facilitate access to justice, and support personalised medicine for women across diverse groups.
- [A113106011125](https://www.ijpmh.latticescipub.com/portfolio-item/a113106011125/): Sleep is necessary for overall well-being, emotional regulation, and cognitive performance. Many students suffer from chronic sleep loss caused by social commitments, technological distractions, and academic pressure. Their mental health suffers significantly as a result of the lack of sleep, with symptoms including increased stress, anxiety, sadness, and cognitive deterioration. Parents, educators, and children must understand the relationship between sleep and mental health. Encouraging kids to sleep well can make their lives better in many ways, including their health, schoolwork, and mental health. A variety of biological and social factors can cause sleep loss, a common condition. The study was conducted at Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University on 100 undergraduate and postgraduate female students. The study shows that poor sleep quality harms female students.
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- [Volume-5 Issue-4, May 2025](https://www.ijpmh.latticescipub.com/portfolio_entries/volume-5-issue-4-may-2025/)
- [Volume-5 Issue-5, July 2025](https://www.ijpmh.latticescipub.com/portfolio_entries/volume-5-issue-5-july-2025/)
- [Volume-5 Issue-6, September 2025](https://www.ijpmh.latticescipub.com/portfolio_entries/volume-5-issue-6-september-2025/)
- [Volume-6 Issue-1, November 2025](https://www.ijpmh.latticescipub.com/portfolio_entries/volume-6-issue-1-november-2025/)
- [Volume-6 Issue-3, March 2026](https://www.ijpmh.latticescipub.com/portfolio_entries/volume-6-issue-3-march-2026/)
- [Volume-6 Issue-4, May 2026](https://www.ijpmh.latticescipub.com/portfolio_entries/volume-6-issue-4-may-2026/)
- [Volume-6 Issue-5, July 2026](https://www.ijpmh.latticescipub.com/portfolio_entries/volume-6-issue-5-july-2026/)
- [Volume-6, Issue-2, January 2026](https://www.ijpmh.latticescipub.com/portfolio_entries/volume-6-issue-2-january-2026/)